Pathways of Phosphorus Absorption and Early Signaling between the Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plants

This review highlights the key role that mycorrhizal fungi play in making phosphorus (Pi) more available to plants, including pathways of absorption, phosphate transporters and plant-mycorrhizal fungus symbiosis, especially conditions where level inorganic soil is low. Mycorrhizal colonization involves a series signaling plant root exudates strigolactones, while release mixture chito-oligosaccharides liposaccharides, activate symbiosis process through gene pathways, contact between hyphae root. Once established, extraradical mycelium acts as an extension roots increases absorption nutrients, particularly by transporters. Pi then moves along root/fungus interface. The transfer occurs apoplectic space; case arbuscular fungi, discharged from plant’s symplasm, membrane surrounds arbuscule. absorbed periarbuscular Furthermore, plants can acquire direct pathway. As result this review, several genes codify for high-affinity were identified. In main family Pht1 although it possible find others such Pht2, Pht3, Pho1 Pho2. have belonging subfamily. we found L1PT1, GiPT, MtPT1, MtPT2, MtPT4, HvPT8, ZmPht1, TaPTH1.2, GmosPT LYCes. HcPT1, HcPT2 BePT been characterized ectomycorrhizal fungi. Each has different way expressing itself. present diagrams symbiotic relationship plant. knowledge allows us design solutions regional problems food production soils with low levels Pi.